Essay on Polio an American Story by David M.Ochinsky

BOOK REVIEW POLIO AN AMERICAN STORY BY DAVID M.OCHINSKY PHAR 6605 Pharmaceutical Industry structure and government regulations PRESENTED BY: Asakiran Nadikatla PRESENTED TO: Gerard Cleaves Polio an American story is a scholarly readable and informative book which covers the lives of many American eminent scientists who struggled a lot to eradicate polio. This book mainly focuses on the mid twentieth century where the people are very eager to find a vaccine to eradicate polio .This book also covers the entire topics from appearance of polio symptoms to post polio syndrome which shows the valuable thesis done by David M. Oshinsky. Throughout this book he has mined the personal lives of Albert Sabin, Jonas Salk, Thomas†¦show more content†¦He also gave the detailed description and reasons beyond approval of polio vaccine by Sabin, As Sabin’s vaccine is not contaminated and it is easy to administer at the same time it can effective over long periods. The author also States that Isabel Morgan most talented researcher among all polio researchers he also states that she might beaten the Salk’s prize if she did not retired by then. He also gave brief description about National foundation for infantile paralysis which was established in 19th century by FDR and Basil O conor it helped in bringing awareness about polio in entire America .It also changed the way of sanctioning license to release the tested new drugs into the market, and also the way in which legal system dealt with manufacturers liability for using the unsafe and harmful products. He also focused on the work done by Isabel Morgan and her contributions to develop the polio vaccine and achieved success about the creation of a killed virus vaccine which worked on monkeys, but she decided to take care of her family rather than developing the vaccine further. David M Oshinsky author of Polio An American story believes and also stated that Morgan could have beaten Salk’s if she continued her research she was two years advanced when compared to the Salk’s vaccine. In this book he clearly portrayed polio from different perspective, He narrated stories of different researchers he mined their

Essay on Macys Business Plan - 4464 Words

Situational Analysis Reaching its 150th birthday in 2008, Macy’s Inc. has emerged as an American household icon over the past few decades. Macy’s sells a range of merchandise, including men’s, women’s, and children’s apparel, accessories, cosmetics, home furnishings, and other consumer goods. Since its merger with Federated Department Stores in 1994 and May Department stores in 1995, Macy’s has been pursuing ways to be more creative and distinctive in meeting customer needs and in delivering exceptional values. In order to maintain its share of the department store market, Macy’s has been aggressively investing in a distinguished shopping experience with unique merchandise, exclusive fashion brands, online sites, and breakthrough†¦show more content†¦In a fast-paced retail environment, Macy’s can offer the latest needs that everyone has to own, while simultaneously providing goods that very few can Immense changes in consumer spending will remain subdued for the next few quarters, and that will lead to retailers’ earnings estimates declining for the next several months. Several retail chains will be forced out of business in 2009 by their own debt structure and the global credit crunch. There are also many retail stores that will close storefronts in 2009 because a recessed economy demands a recessed retail industry. There were 200,000 store closings that have occurred in the first quarter of 2009. The post-holiday season fallout was substantial for retailing, but not completely devastating. Retailers have become forced to tighten their budgets and cut down on expenses until the economy improves. In 2008, Macy’s enlisted Dunnhumby, the consumer insight company, to analyze its sales data with a view to increasing turnover and customer loyalty, develop customer segmentation models to accelerate future sales growth at the department store chain. The tie-up could enh ance the existing loyalty scheme at Macys. Targeted Segments Demographic. Macy’s initial target market consisted of middle to upper class working women and men aged 25 to 54. This segment is consumption oriented,Show MoreRelatedMacy s International Retail Strategy Essay844 Words   |  4 PagesMacy’s International Retail Strategy There are many opportunities available for companies willing to venture into new, international markets. Reaching more customers and therefore, turning a larger profit are two fairly obvious reasons for companies to consider global expansion. However, the potential benefits do no end there. Expanding to international markets can hold less obvious, yet extremely beneficial appeals such as access to new and different talent pools, grander output requires greatRead MoreMacys Company Analysis1622 Words   |  7 PagesMacy’s IS Strategic Planning Brief History Macy’s was founded by Rowland Hussey Macy in 1858 in New York City. Macys stores target the middle-to-higher-priced market, offering womens, mens, and childrens clothing and accessories, housewares, home furnishings, and furniture. After its merger with Federated Department Stores, the company became the largest department store company, operating more than 850 department stores across the US. The company primarily operates in the US. Macys is headquarteredRead MoreHuman Resource Management : Macy s1392 Words   |  6 PagesMacy’s is a nationwide department store offering housewares, apparel, jewelry, and beauty products. Macy’s is one of the oldest retail companies in the United States, but our mission statement proves that we have a modern and relevant mission for the future. Our goal is to be a retailer with the ability to see opportunity on the horizon and have a clear path for capitalizing on it. To do so, we are moving faster than ever before, employing more technology and concentrating our resources on thoseRead MoreGSCM588 Major Paper Outline Carlton654 Words   |  3 Pagesquality is maintained. Macy’s Incorporated. Rowland Hussey Macy’s determination and ingenuity paid off at the age of 36 with the launch of R.H. Macy Co. He adopted a red star as his symbol of success, dating back to his days as a sailor. First-day sales totaled $11.06 but by the end of the first full year, sales grossed almost $90,000. By 1877, R.H. Macy Co. had become a full-fledged department store occupying the ground space of 11 adjacent buildings. Macy’s entered 2005 with about 240Read MoreThe Importance of HRM in an Organization1798 Words   |  7 Pagessubsequent plan that follows, Macys Inc. will be in better position in which to effectively do so. Company Description To begin, Macys is privileged to have a sustainable competitive advantage in regards to distribution and brand awareness. Macys Inc. is one of the nations largest and well known department store chains. Started over 150 years ago, Macys has continually been at the cutting edge of fashion trends and consumer demand. Currently, in the midst of a global recession, Macys has generatedRead MoreOperations Management : Operation Management Essay1480 Words   |  6 Pages INTRODUCTION Operations management is the organizing and controlling of the fundamental business activity of providing goods and services to customers (Encarta, 2005). Depending on the type of industry will determine the type of operations management will be focussing on providing a service or products. An organization has three basic functions, such as: finance, marketing, and operations. Since the operations is one of the three basic functions of an organization it has a large impact in industriesRead MoreMacys Inventory Management1701 Words   |  7 PagesMacy’s Inventory Management Summery: Tying up too much capital in products that are not in demand could be a fatal mistake for struggling small businesses. Moreover, Inventory management can mean the difference between success and failure for some companies. According to the New York Times article, Macy’s was able to post a profit last quarter thanks in large part to improvements it made to its inventory management system. In spite of the unstable economic conditions and the huge competitionRead MoreMacy s A Red Star As A Symbol Of Success For The New York City Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesMost Americans are familiar with Macy’s because it is one of the largest, most well known department stores in America. The department store has been meeting the needs of Americans since 1858 by offering a commodity of mid-range to upscale priced merchandise including: cosmetics, apparel, home dà ©cor, appliances and much more. The store is also famous for sponsoring the Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade in New Y ork City since 1924. Macy’s continues to grow due to its success in its affordable qualityRead MoreManagement Functions of Macys1582 Words   |  6 PagesMacys Inc. is one of the nations largest and well known department store chains. Started over 150 years ago, Macys has continually generated excellent returns for its shareholders and employees. Currently, in the midst of a global recession, Macys has generated huge profits with same store sales increasing 5.3% year to date. In 2012 same store sales increased 4.6% in the month of February alone (Macys Inc., 2012). In fact, throughout the duration of 2012, Macys is projecting even larger profitsRead MoreAnalysis Of Macy s Inc.1665 Words   |  7 PagesExamine Expectation At Macy’s Inc. they have a corporate vision and a corporate philosophy. Their corporate vision is â€Å"Macy’s, Inc. is a premier national omni-channel retailer with iconic brands that serve customers through outstanding stores and dynamic online sites. Both Macy’s and Bloomingdale’s are known worldwide, and each has its own unique identity and customer focus.† Their corporate philosophy is as follows, â€Å"Macy’s, Inc. clearly recognizes that the customer is paramount and that all actions

Essay on Survival- Original Writing - 947 Words

Survival- Original Writing The sweltering jungle felt like a death trap; it was infested with venomous species of plants and animals. The humidity was intolerable. All I had was a small bottle of water, and a tiny, partly eaten, bar of chocolate. I had lost my main supply in the trees earlier, when I missed my landing target. I didn’t feel secure; yet I had no choice to continue. It was life or death for now, it was survival. I was mentally ill equipped for this alien world. I became more aware of strains and sores. I felt as if my rucksack was gradually beginning to eat away at my arms as if it was a highly potent acid and as if my feet were tightly compacted into my boots. Every step I took, I†¦show more content†¦I thought if I continued on the bearing 247 ° for 27 kilometres I would arrive at the Mekong River, where I could continue to a clearing where I would be taken by helicopter back to ‘our’ side of Vietnam, there I could rest and enjoy life. However I only had two da ys until the helicopter would rendez-vous, so I had to keep a steady pace. By now hunger had hit me. Ahead of me lay a dark swamp area; there was a disconcerting stench of rotting vegetation. To get past this I needed to take off my boots since they would slow me down. As I was unlacing my bulky black boots I heard a shout, I dived flat to the ground. I peered through a small gap in the thick bamboo and saw two Vietnamese children playing blissfully with a ball; they had weathered dark skin and long greasy hair. To think that such contentment could be created from such a small notion, at a time like this. I could not speak to them because they might alert some local militia. Not long ago I was bombing their homes and villages. Instead I continued through the swamp. The stagnant water looked malevolent. I slowly stepped into the swamp. The water was tepid. My toes touched some slush at the bottom but I simply took another step into the cloudy mixture. The fluid slowly began to rise up and saturate my trousers, but at least I would leave no scent for tracker dogs to pick me up. IShow MoreRelatedThe Invention Of Writing Is A Fundamental Pillar Of Human Interaction879 Words   |  4 Pagesvisual examples, that the invention of writing was the decisive turning point in the evolution of human growth. From primal hunter-gathers to functioning members of an ancient civilization, writing has acted more than a mere stepping stone in the technological and cultural advancement of mankind, writing is a fundamental pillar of human interaction. The essay will also convey how computers, when acting as the main medium of writing, write upon layers of more writing opposed to a slate, piece of paperRead MoreNative American Paper1353 Words   |  6 PagesNative American culture was a way of survival for tribes to preserve and maintain their identity. 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Diploma of Management and Leadership

Question: Discuss about theDiploma of Management and Leadership. Answer: Assessment Task 1 My team has been assigned to identify the e-commerce opportunities for Apparel Brands in order to make a proposal for the board of directors of the company. The budget has been considered of $30,000 for setting up the e-commerce venture. Reviewing the Simulated Workplace Information for Apparel Brands Pty Ltd Apparel Brands Pty Ltd, a famous distributor and manufacturer of the generic footwear and clothing in Australia, which takes orders both from the suppliers retailers and the retailers. According to Huang and Benyoucef (2013), simulated workplace transforms the traditional way of working within the organisation for ultimate betterment of it. As Apparel Brands Pty Ltd has planning to come up with exciting and innovative range of online clothing brands within five years, therefore, simulated workplace initiatives can be governed by a fixed protocol in order to assure the standard quality and consistency with the manufacturing of online products in efficient manner. However, the management of Apparel Brands Pty Ltd utilises the time schedule in order to developing the brand image in potential manner, which will ensure a definite success of this particular company. Even the simulated workplaces utilisation of proper portfolio system can help this specific company to grow in the fashion re tail industry. Simulated workplace also suggests the celebration at the end of accomplishments of the fixed goals and objectives. Forming a team As Apparel Brands Pty Ltd intends to develop, own products and brand in order to sell the online products directly to the consumers, therefore, it is very important for the higher authority of this particular company to create some potential groups, which will strictly observes different segments of the entire business operations. There should be different team including the manufacturing department, advertising and marketing department, and quality checking department and sales and finance department (Benlian et al. 2012). As the management intends to decrease the distribution costs and enhance the basic level of the profit margins, therefore, the management should incorporate completely new strategies rather than the existing ones in order to leverage the opportunities of e-commerce. Discussing Team Objectives and Improving Performance Plans In order to secure the e-commerce opportunities, the team has fixed some essential team objectives. To make timely and reliable service deliveries in order to retain the satisfied customers To maintain a proper sync with the supplier of the products To develop the digital marketing process in efficient manner To enhance the PR and customer service for maintaining customer loyalty Preparing to Work with the Team (a) Chiu et al. (2014) have mentioned that several effective strategies are required in order to help Apparel Brands Pty Ltd for fulfilling the e-commerce opportunities. With the proper communication strategy, there will be proper maintenance of team planning. The members should share a perfect level of commitment for achieving the common objectives. Technical knowledge and skill should be suitable enough to deal issues regarding the development of e-commerce. (b) The equality policy ensure that every team member possess similar opportunities to share own ideas. Even the responsibility policy of this particular team also helps the team member to perceive own responsibility in potential manner. Solaymani et al. (2012) have mentioned that the employment policy involves relevant information regarding purpose, application and the sanctions of the allocated tasks within the time. All of these policies eventually advice the team members for supporting each other in order to bring out the best performances of every team members (Salehi et al. 2012). There are also arrangements of the review process of the existing policies within the team in order to easily link with the potential strategies. The mentioned policies are enough flexible and it can be adapted for certain changes. Zhang et al. (2012) have referred that the policies maintains a perfect relationship in between the interested team members and the higher authority of the organisation. (c) The team goals involve creating the e-commerce site for Apparel Brands Pty Ltd in short period and helping the company to increase sales revenue. The team engage the best software developer and technical person for developing the e-commerce site and select social media as an effective medium of marketing and advertising the online fashion products. (d) The leader of the team should allow every individual to share own views regarding the opening of e-commerce website for Apparel Brands Pty Ltd as it will help in consensus. There should be employment of cooperation and collaboration strategy in order to gain the consensus among the team. (e) As opined by Bhatti (2015), group behaviour plays an essential role while taking effective decisions within the group. As group behaviour can impact the decisions, therefore, the leader should strictly observe of maintaining of positive behaviour within the team. Every team member is appreciated for his or her effective ideas and it helps to work in coherent manner within the group. The team member can thoroughly understand the present trends in the e-commerce industry before providing ideas and work potentially within the group (Colla and Lapoule). (f) Assessment 1 Third-party report for candidate: Did the candidate propose and agree on strategies for ensuring participation of team members? Y Describe how: The candidates have gone through the effective strategies. Did the candidate help develop policy and procedures to ensure team members take responsibility for own work? Y Describe how: The candidate helps the leader to research about the existing policies and procedures for ensuring team members to take responsibility for own work. Did the candidate work with group to determine common understanding of organizational requirements and team goals? Y Describe how: The candidate listens to the leader for understanding the team goals. Did the candidate work with group to determine and agree on specific duties to support team members with assigned responsibilities? Y List the candidates support duties: The candidate supports the team member for assigned responsibilities. Did the candidate demonstrate knowledge of group behavior and how to gain consensus and work within groups to enhance team effectiveness? Y Describe how the candidate demonstrated this knowledge in their interactions with the team: The candidate interacts with the team member with potential communication skill for sharing own knowledge. Team member/observers name: Signature and date: Candidates name: Signature and date: (g) However, the team leader take effective notes from the review report for arranging a team meeting for further discussion for developing e-commerce website. Establishing Ground Rules for Teamwork (a) Every team members have agreed with the proposed strategies in order to ensure the constant participation of every team members. In the team meeting, there will be detailed discussions on the adopted strategies for developing e-commerce site. There is statutory strategy for flexible working arrangements, which helps to maintain a positive environment within the group. The training strategy helps the inefficient team member to gain knowledge on the importance of developing e-commerce website as it possess the potentiality to increase the sales revenue of the company in immense manner (Carmona et al. 2012). (b) The leader of the team has taken few policies such as every team member should have detailed knowledge of the strategies and the detailed process of the development of the website. The team building policy helps to regulate, inform and define the operation within the team. Equal opportunity policy helps every team member to share own knowledge and ideas. Code of conduct policy suggests maintaining organisational specific rules (Li and Xie 2012). References Benlian, A., Titah, R. and Hess, T., 2012. Differential effects of provider recommendations and consumer reviews in e-commerce transactions: An experimental study.Journal of Management Information Systems,29(1), pp.237-272. Bhatti, T., 2015. Exploring factors influencing the adoption of mobile commerce.The Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce,2007. Carmona, C.J., Ramrez-Gallego, S., Torres, F., Bernal, E., del Jess, M.J. and Garca, S., 2012. Web usage mining to improve the design of an e-commerce website: OrOliveSur. com.Expert Systems with Applications,39(12), pp.11243-11249. Chiu, C.M., Wang, E.T., Fang, Y.H. and Huang, H.Y., 2014. Understanding customers' repeat purchase intentions in B2C e?commerce: the roles of utilitarian value, hedonic value and perceived risk.Information Systems Journal,24(1), pp.85-114. Colla, E. and Lapoule, P., 2012. E-commerce: exploring the critical success factors.International Journal of Retail Distribution Management,40(11), pp.842-864. Huang, Z. and Benyoucef, M., 2013. From e-commerce to social commerce: A close look at design features.Electronic Commerce Research and Applications,12(4), pp.246-259. Li, P. and Xie, W., 2012. A strategic framework for determining e-commerce adoption.Journal of Technology Management in China,7(1), pp.22-35. Salehi, F., Abdollahbeigi, B., Langroudi, A.C. and Salehi, F., 2012. The impact of website information convenience on e-commerce success of companies. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 57, pp.381-387. Solaymani, S., Sohaili, K. and Yazdinejad, E.A., 2012. Adoption and use of e-commerce in SMEs.Electronic Commerce Research,12(3), pp.249-263. Zhang, Y., Deng, X., Wei, D. and Deng, Y., 2012. Assessment of E-Commerce security using AHP and evidential reasoning.Expert Systems with Applications,39(3), pp.3611-3623.